作为副词使用的「comparing with (to)」也是经常被误用的短语，下面就是几个典型的英文论中误用的实例及其修正。

[误]Comparing tothe previous results, the present results are much more complete.

[正]The present results are much more completethanthe previous results.

[误]Comparing withthe thermal velocity, u is quite small.

[正]In comparison withthe thermal velocity, u is quite small.

上述两个误用例都是语法上的错误。

「comparing with (to)」是作为一个整体副词起作用，其中让人注意的是「comparing」是以现在分词的形式出现在分局句首。一般的话，现在分词出现的分句放在句首的时候，它的后面的句子（主句）的主语和分句的主语必须一样（不一样的时候，分词叫做「悬垂分词」）上述2个误用例中，现在分词或者说动词「comparing」的主语，说的是「人」（比如「we」或者「I」），而它们接下来的主语分别是「results」和「u」。现在分词的主语和它后面的主語不一致，所以导致使用语法上的错误。

下面是「comparing with (to)」的正确使用方法举例。

[正]Comparing withthe observation for Titan, we identify the following discrepancy.

[正]However,comparing tothe unfiltered sample, we can show that our treatment is useful.

上述两个例子语法上虽然正确，但下面的例子「comparing」与介词「with」或「to」之间，把比较的对象直接目的语加上，表达上会更加自然。

[正]Comparingthe present observationswiththe observation for Titan, we identify the following discrepancy.

[正]However,comparingour sampletothe unfiltered sample, we can show that our treatment is useful.

化学论文中的「comparing with (to)」的使用举例

This result could be rationalized bycomparingthe NMR conformations of the cis and trans isomerswiththe X-ray structure of a non-switchable cyclic RGD-pentapeptide bound to integrin. 引用：10.1039/c1cs15023e

The products were identified bycomparingthe GC-MSwiththat of the authentic samples.　引用：10.1021/ja1058247

The origin of the effect of leaving group on ee was revealed bycomparingthe stoichiometric reactions of the sodium enolate of R-methyl tetralonewiththe arylpalladium bromide and iodide complexes. 引用：10.1021/ja074453g

本文出自Enago学术英语academy（日文版）

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