{"id":28908,"date":"2019-10-10T11:30:53","date_gmt":"2019-10-10T03:30:53","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/?p=28908"},"modified":"2019-10-10T14:55:40","modified_gmt":"2019-10-10T06:55:40","slug":"%e6%9c%89%e6%9c%ba%e5%90%88%e6%88%90%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%89%e8%82%a1%e9%9d%9e%e5%b8%b8%e8%a7%84%e5%8a%9b%e9%87%8f%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%ad%ef%bc%89-%e7%94%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/%e5%8c%96%e5%ad%a6%e6%9d%82%e8%ae%b0\/2019\/10\/%e6%9c%89%e6%9c%ba%e5%90%88%e6%88%90%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%89%e8%82%a1%e9%9d%9e%e5%b8%b8%e8%a7%84%e5%8a%9b%e9%87%8f%ef%bc%88%e4%b8%ad%ef%bc%89-%e7%94%b5.html","title":{"rendered":"\u6709\u673a\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u80a1\u975e\u5e38\u89c4\u529b\u91cf\uff08\u4e2d\uff09-\u7535"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u8283\u6d0b\u96ea<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6709\u673a\u7535\u5408\u6210<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u5316\u5b66\u8bd5\u5242\uff0c\u7535\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u4f4d\u3002\u975e\u5747\u76f8\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u56fa\u76f8\u7684\u7535\u6781\u548c\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u5206\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u6216\u8005\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4e0e\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u5e95\u7269\u4e00\u8d77\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u7535\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u5176\u5b9e\u5386\u53f2\u60a0\u4e45\uff0c\u65e9\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u5c31\u7528\u7535\u89e3\u5236\u5907\u5927\u5b97\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\uff0c\u4f46\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8981\u8fdc\u8fdc\u843d\u4e0b\u4e86\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6700\u8fd1\u6709\u673a\u7535\u5408\u6210\u624d\u9010\u6e10\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u5176\u590d\u5174\u5f52\u529f\u4e8e\u5728\u5236\u5907\u590d\u6742\u4ea7\u7269\u65f6\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3001\u9ad8\u9009\u62e9\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ad8\u539f\u5b50\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6027\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u968f\u7740\u6280\u672f\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u52a0\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u4e2a\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f53\u4f1a\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u91d1\u5c5e\u50ac\u5316\u7535\u5408\u6210\u90bb\u4e8c\u80fa<\/h4>\n<p>\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e0e\u70ef\u70c3\u7684\u4e8c\u9187\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u70ef\u70c3\u7684\u4e8c\u80fa\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u8fd8\u9700\u5b8c\u5584\u3002\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u70ef\u70c3<strong>22<\/strong>\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a1,2-\u4e8c\u53e0\u6c2e\u7269<strong>23<\/strong>\uff0c\u518d\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a1,2-\u4e8c\u80fa<strong>24<\/strong>\u3002\u5c06\u8fc7\u6e21\u6001\u91d1\u5c5e\u50ac\u5316\u548c\u7535\u5408\u6210\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u6e29\u548c\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u5e7f\uff0c\u5e95\u7269\u5305\u62ec\u5927\u4f4d\u963b\u548c\u591a\u53d6\u4ee3\u7684\u70ef\u70c3\uff0c\u59821,1-\u4e8c\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c1,2-\u4e8c\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e09\u53d6\u4ee3\u548c\u56db\u53d6\u4ee3\u7684\u5e95\u7269\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b66\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u548c\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u56fea\u6240\u793a\u3002\u5176\u53cd\u5e94\u673a\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u9633\u6781\u6c27\u5316\u53e0\u6c2e\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u52a0\u6210\u5230\u53cc\u952e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u6d3b\u6027\u7684Mn\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u4ecb\u5bfc\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u4fdd\u8bc1\u81ea\u7531\u57fa<strong>25<\/strong>\u751f\u6210\u90bb\u4e8c\u53e0\u6c2e\u5316\u7269<strong>23<\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7cbe\u51c6\u63a7\u5236\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u9633\u6781\u7535\u4f4d\u6b63\u597d\u6ee1\u8db3\u6c27\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u7535\u4f4d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53cd\u5e94\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u9009\u62e9\u6027\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5f15\u8d77\u5176\u4ed6\u526f\u53cd\u5e94<sup>[1,2]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-3.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-28909 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"840\" height=\"238\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-3.png 1288w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-3-300x85.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-3-768x217.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-3-680x192.png 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 840px) 100vw, 840px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u56fea. Mn\u7535\u6781\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u70ef\u70c3\u4e8c\u53e0\u6c2e\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u548c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8303\u56f4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<em>Nature Reviews Chemistry<\/em><\/p>\n<h4>\u9633\u6781\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u82b3\u57fa\u5076\u8054\u53cd\u5e94<\/h4>\n<p>C-H\u952e\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u9886\u57df\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u4f17\u591a\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u4e5f\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u82ef\u915a<strong>26<\/strong>\u548c\u7845\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u82ef\u915a\u884d\u751f\u7269<strong>27<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b65\u53cd\u5e94\u5b8c\u6210\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684C-C\u5076\u8054\uff0c\u56feb\u6240\u793a<sup>[3]<\/sup>\u3002\u787c\u63ba\u6742\u91d1\u521a\u77f3boron-doped diamond\uff08BDD\uff09\u9633\u6781\u548c1,1,1,3,3,3-\u516d\u6c1f\u4e19\u9187\uff08HFIP\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3aH-\u952e\u53d7\u4f53\u6eb6\u5242\u662f\u5408\u6210\u90bb\u4f4d\u5076\u8054\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u7845Si<em>i<\/em>Pr<sub>3<\/sub>\u4fdd\u62a4\u57fa\u56e2\u5bf9<strong>27<\/strong>\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u6548\u5e94\u6709\u5fae\u5f31\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u9632\u6b62\u4ea7\u7269<strong>28<\/strong>\u7ee7\u7eed\u6c27\u5316\u3002\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u4f18\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u4f73\u53cd\u5e94\u4e3a50 <sup>o<\/sup>C\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u867d\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u82b3\u57fa\u5076\u8054\u53cd\u5e94\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u4f46\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5f88\u5dee\uff0c\u5e38\u751f\u6210\u672a\u4fdd\u62a4\u82ef\u915a\u4f4e\u805a\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4e0e\u4f9d\u9760\u5316\u5b66\u8bd5\u5242\uff0c\u5982\u5316\u5b66\u8ba1\u91cf\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u5242\u7b49\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u82b3\u57fa\u5076\u8054\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7535\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u80dc\u4e00\u7b79\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-3.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-28910 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"912\" height=\"178\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-3.png 1357w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-3-300x58.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-3-768x149.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-3-680x132.png 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 912px) 100vw, 912px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u56feb. \u65e0\u91d1\u5c5e\u548c\u914d\u4f53\u8bd5\u5242\u7684C-C\u5076\u8054\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5236\u5907\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f02,2&#8242;-\u8054\u82ef\u4e8c\u915a\u548c2,2&#8242;-\u8054\u82ef\u4e8c\u80fa\uff0cHFIP\u662f\u5f3aH-\u952e\u53d7\u4f53\uff0c\u8d77\u5230\u7a33\u5b9a\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<em>Nature Reviews Chemistry<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0eH<sub>2<\/sub>O\u6216\u7532\u9187\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6eb6\u5242HFIP\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c06\u4eb2\u6838\u6027\u548c\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u7535\u4f4d\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f5c\u7528\u8fd8\u672a\u77e5\uff0c\u4f46\u548c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3001H-\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u589e\u5f3a\u9178\u6027\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u4eb2\u6838\u6027\u7b49\u6027\u8d28\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e86\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u9170\u80fa\u6216\u6c28\u57fa\u7532\u9178\u916f\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u80fa<strong>29<\/strong>\u548c<strong>30<\/strong>\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u62102,2-\u4e8c\u6c28\u57fa\u8054\u82ef\u4ea7\u7269<strong>31<\/strong>\uff0c\u6536\u7387\u4e3a\u4e2d\u7b49\u81f3\u4f18\u79c0<sup>[4]<\/sup>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u666e\u9002\u6027\uff0c\u82ef\u915a\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u82b3\u9999\u6742\u73af\uff0c\u5982\u567b\u5429\u3001\u544b\u5583\u548c\u82ef\u5e76\u544b\u5583\u5076\u8054<sup>[5]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u6709\u673a\u7535\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7a33\u5b9a\u201c\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u6c60\u201d<\/h4>\n<p>\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6c27\u5316\u5e38\u5e38\u4ea7\u751f\u78b3\u6b63\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u4eb2\u6838\u8bd5\u5242\u6355\u83b7\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u672a\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u6c60\u4e2d\uff0c\u78b3\u6b63\u79bb\u5b50\u4f1a\u88ab\u9634\u6781\u8fd8\u539f\uff0c\u800c\u4eb2\u6838\u8bd5\u5242\u5728\u9633\u6781\u6c27\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u53cd\u5e94\u66f4\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u6c60\u7b56\u7565\u968f\u4e4b\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u7528\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6c60\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\u5206\u5f00\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u4eb2\u6838\u8bd5\u5242\u6355\u83b7\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u6b65\u53cd\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u5178\u578b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9633\u6781\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u78b3\u6b63\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u5bcc\u96c6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7269\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4eb2\u6838\u8bd5\u5242\uff0c\u5728\u975e\u6c27\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u6355\u83b7\u6d3b\u6cfc\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u6355\u83b7\u5242\u786b\u4e9a\u80fa<strong>33<\/strong>\u548c\u9633\u6781\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u78b3\u6b63\u79bb\u5b50<strong>40<\/strong>\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u4e9a\u7a33\u7684\u82c4\u57fa\u6c28\u57fa\u950d\u76d0\u884d\u751f\u7269<strong>34<\/strong><sup>[6]<\/sup>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u751f\u6210\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e86\u6d3b\u6cfc\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\uff0c<strong>34<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u78b3\u4eb2\u6838\u8bd5\u5242\u5982\u82ef\u884d\u751f\u7269\u3001\u82b3\u9999\u6742\u73af\u3001\u70ef\u9187\u919a\u7c7b\u3001\u70f7\u57fa\u4e09\u7532\u57fa\u7845\u70f7\u3001NBu<sub>4<\/sub>I\u7b49\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u4ea7\u7269<strong>35-39<\/strong><sup>[7]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-3.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-28911 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"912\" height=\"331\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-3.png 1394w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-3-300x109.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-3-768x278.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-3-680x246.png 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 912px) 100vw, 912px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u56fec. \u7535\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u201c\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u6c60\u201d\uff0c\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u5bff\u547d\u591f\u957f\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0b\u9636\u6bb5\u548c\u4eb2\u6838\u8bd5\u5242\u53cd\u5e94.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<em>Nature Reviews Chemistry<\/em><\/p>\n<h4>\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u5668\u7684\u53d1\u5c55<\/h4>\n<p>\u8fc7\u53bb\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5c0f\u4f17\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6807\u51c6\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b80\u4fbf\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u6709\u673a\u7535\u5408\u6210\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u81ea\u5236\u88c5\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u7b80\u5355\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u548c\u5236\u9020\u5546\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u63a8\u51fa\u9002\u5408\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u914d\u5957\u7684\u7535\u6781\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u6c60\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u4ef6\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u9759\u7535\u573a\u5316\u5b66 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u9759\u7535\u573a\u5316\u5b66\u5bb9\u6613\u548c\u7535\u5408\u6210\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u9759\u7535\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u3002\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5206\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u6e21\u6001\u90fd\u6709\u6781\u6027\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5165\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7535\u573a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a33\u5b9a\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e5f\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5355\u7535\u5b50\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u52a0\u7535\u573a\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u672c\u7efc\u8ff0\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5f00\u53d1\u7684Diles-Alder\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u626b\u63cf\u96a7\u9053\u663e\u5fae\u955cSTM\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5def\u57fa\u5c06\u964d\u51b0\u7247\u70ef\u884d\u751f\u7269\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728STM\u7684\u91d1\u7247\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u544b\u5583\u884d\u751f\u7269\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u63a2\u9488\u4e0a\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u671d\u5411\u5df2\u77e5\u5e76\u4e14\u88ab\u63a7\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8ddd\u79bb\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982\u7535\u538b\u6052\u5b9a\u5219\u8bd5\u5242\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\u56fa\u5b9a\u3002\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u5f00\u542f\u5728blinking\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6052\u5b9a\u7684\u7535\u538b\u53d8\u5316\u901f\u7387\u626b\u63cf\u3002\u4e8c\u70ef\u548c\u4eb2\u4e8c\u70ef\u4f53\u53cd\u5e94\u65f6\uff0c\u65b0\u751f\u7684\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u5f62\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u63a2\u9488\u548c\u91d1\u7247\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5e76\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u6b21\u7535\u6d41\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u6570\u6bcf\u5355\u5143\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u7535\u6d41&#8221;blinks\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u91cf\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u3002\u5f53\u662f\u7535\u573a\u662f\u8d1f\u65f6\uff0cD-A\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u901f\u7387\u968f\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7535\u573a\u4e3a0\u65f6\u901f\u7387\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e865\u500d\u3002\u5f53\u7535\u573a\u4e3a\u8d1f\u65f6\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u6700\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u5373\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u7535\u573a\u7684\u6781\u6027\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7535\u5b50\u4ece\u4eb2\u4e8c\u70ef\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u6d41\u5411\u4e8c\u70ef\u5206\u5b50\u65f6\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u63d0\u9ad8, \u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u56fed\u6240\u793a<sup>[8]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/4-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-28912 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/4-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"649\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/4-1.png 780w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/4-1-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/4-1-768x482.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/4-1-680x427.png 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 649px) 100vw, 649px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cac3ea607b615abf9ffb9d858188cd10.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-28913 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cac3ea607b615abf9ffb9d858188cd10.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"829\" height=\"491\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cac3ea607b615abf9ffb9d858188cd10.png 1123w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cac3ea607b615abf9ffb9d858188cd10-300x177.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cac3ea607b615abf9ffb9d858188cd10-768x454.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/cac3ea607b615abf9ffb9d858188cd10-680x402.png 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 829px) 100vw, 829px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u56fed. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<em>Nature <\/em>2016, 531, 88-91.<\/p>\n<p>\u9759\u7535\u573a\u5316\u5b66\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6273\u52a8\u5316\u5b66\u952e\u7684\u65ad\u88c2\uff0c\u5982\u70f7\u6c27\u57fa\u80fa\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u548c\u78b3\u81ea\u7531\u57fa<sup>[9]<\/sup>\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5355\u5206\u5b50\u53cd\u5e94\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u9759\u7535\u573a\u5bf9\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u4e5f\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u7eb3\u7c73\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528\u5982\u663e\u5fae\u6210\u56fe\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5408\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u754c\u9762\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u6c60\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u5f62\u6210\u7535\u5b50\u53cc\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7535\u6781\u8868\u9762\u7684\u7535\u573a\u4e3a\uff08\uff5e0.5Vnm<sup>-1<\/sup>\uff09,\u8fd9\u4e2a\u573a\u5f3a\u548cSTM\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u8f83\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u50ac\u5316\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6982\u5ff5\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6c27\u5316\u70f7\u6c27\u57fa\u80fa\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u53ef\u9006\u65ad\u88c2\u4e3a\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u548c\u78b3\u6b63\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fee\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u5f88\u50cf\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u53cd\u5e94\u53ea\u6709\u7535\u5b50\u53cc\u5c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230<sup>[10]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-28914 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"810\" height=\"527\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-1.png 1052w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-1-300x195.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-1-768x500.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-1-680x443.png 680w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-1-260x170.png 260w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 810px) 100vw, 810px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u56fee. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90 <em>J. Am. Chem. Soc<\/em>., 2018, 140, 2, 766-774.<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u662f\u9634\u79bb\u5b50-\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5728\u6c27\u5316\u94df\u9521\u7535\u6781\u7684\u7535\u573a\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c\u70ef\u9187\u52a0\u6210\u5230\u4e19\u4e8c\u9178\u534a\u786b\u916f\u4e0a\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86100\u591a\u500d\uff0c\u5982\u56fef\u6240\u793a<sup>[11]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-28919 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"835\" height=\"374\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-4.png 1086w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-4-300x135.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-4-768x344.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-4-680x305.png 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 835px) 100vw, 835px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u56fef. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90 <em>J. Am. Chem. Soc<\/em>., 2017, 139, 6558-6561.<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5e73\u884c\u677f\u7535\u6c60\uff0c\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u7535\u6781\u4e0a\u9762\u9694\u79bb\u51fa\u4e00\u5c42\u819c\u3002\u65bd\u52a0\u7535\u538b\u540e\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u5e26\u6709\u7535\u8377\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u50ac\u5316\u6216\u63d0\u9ad8\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u3002\u5982\u987a\u5f0f\u4e8c\u82ef\u4e59\u70ef\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7684\u91cd\u6392\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5728\u7535\u573a\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c\u919b:\u916e\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u63d0\u9ad8\u81f363\uff0c\u5982\u56feg\u6240\u793a<sup>[12]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-28920 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-4.png 965w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-4-300x153.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-4-768x392.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-4-680x347.png 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u56feg. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<em>J. Am. Chem. Soc.<\/em>, 2012, 134, 186-189.<\/p>\n<p>Rh\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u50ac\u53161-diazo-3,3-dimethyl-5-phenylhex-5-en-2one\u00a0\u00a0 1-Diazo-3,3-dimethyl-5-phenylhex-5-en-2-one\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5185\u91cd\u6392\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u65e0\u7535\u573a\u4e0b\uff0c\u73af\u4e19\u70f7\u4ea7\u7269\u548c\u73af\u5df1\u916e\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7ea6\u4e3a10:1\uff0c\u6709\u7535\u573a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u3001\u4ea7\u7269\u6bd4\u4f8b\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230\u4e3a100:1\u548c1:2\uff0c\u5982\u56feh\u6240\u793a<sup>[13]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-28921 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"874\" height=\"355\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-4.png 1264w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-4-300x122.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-4-768x312.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-4-680x276.png 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 874px) 100vw, 874px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u56feh. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<em>J. Am. Chem. Soc.<\/em>2013, 135, 11257-11265.<\/p>\n<h4>\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u7684\u7535\u8377\u5316<\/h4>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u771f\u6b63\u89c4\u6a21\u5316\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5c06\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u7535\u8377\u5316\u540e\u7684\u7535\u573a\u5982Br\u00f8nsted\u9178\u6216\u78b1\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\uff08\u7c07\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528Bronsted\u9178\u6216\u78b1\u65f6\uff0c\u9759\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u88ab\u7b80\u5355\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u6539\u53d8pH\u3002\u7535\u8377\u57fa\u56e2\u7684\u9759\u7535\u573a\u4f5c\u7528\u8ddd\u79bb\u5f88\u77ed\uff08\u221d1\/r<sup>2<\/sup>,\u7535\u8377-\u5076\u6781\u4f5c\u7528\u53cd\u6bd4\u4e8e\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\uff09\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u7535\u8377\u57fa\u56e2\u4ec5\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u3002\u4f46\u5c06\u7535\u8377\u57fa\u56e2\u7cbe\u51c6\u6446\u653e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u671d\u5411\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8868\u9762\u5316\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u3002\u5728\u5f3a\u7535\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e2d\uff0c\u9759\u7535\u573a\u6548\u5e94\u88ab\u524a\u5f31\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u6c14\u76f8\u6216\u975e\u6781\u6027\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\uff0c\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u548c\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u9759\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5e95\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u6781\u6027\u7535\u8377\u57fa\u56e2\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u5b83\u7684D-A\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u7acb\u4f53\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u548c\u975e\u5bf9\u6620\u9009\u62e9\u6027\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u6848\u4f8b\u56fei\u30022-\u5421\u5583\u916e2-pyrone\u548c\u73af\u620a\u70efcyclopentene\u884d\u751f\u7269\u7684D-A\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u6709\u80fa\u6216\u7fa7\u57fa. \u5982\u679c\u73af\u620a\u70ef\u4e3a\u4e2d\u6027\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6ca1\u6709\u4f4d\u963b\u7684<em>exo<\/em>\u8fc7\u6e21\u6001\uff08C\uff09,\u5982\u4e3a\u80fa\u57fa\u88ab\u8d28\u5b50\u5316\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6709\u4f4d\u963b\u7684<em>exo<\/em>\u8fc7\u6e21\u6001\uff08D\uff09.\u5f53\u7fa7\u9178\u53bb\u8d28\u5b50\u540e\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6709\u4f4d\u963b\u7684<em>endo<\/em>\u8fc7\u6e21\u6001\uff08B\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u8bba\u54ea\u79cd\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u80fd\u969c\u90fd\u4f4e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u6027\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u7535\u5b50\u4e91\u5bc6\u5ea6\u56fe\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u53d8\u5316\u539f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7535\u8377\u57fa\u56e2\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5076\u6781\u8fc7\u6e21\u6001<sup>[14]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-28922 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"849\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-2.png 1344w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-2-300x160.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-2-768x411.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-2-680x364.png 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 849px) 100vw, 849px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/6.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-28923 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"845\" height=\"417\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/6.png 1365w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/6-300x148.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/6-768x379.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/6-680x336.png 680w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/6-550x270.png 550w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 845px) 100vw, 845px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u56fei. \u9759\u7535\u4f5c\u7528\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u673a\u5408\u6210. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<em>Nature Reviews Chemistry<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u6781\u6027\u548c\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u5747\u76f8\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u8c03\u548c\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4f8b\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u9759\u7535\u573a\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u65e9\u57281970\u5e74\uff0c\u5c31\u6709LiClO<sub>4<\/sub>\u50ac\u5316\u50ac\u5316<em>t<\/em>BuCl\u7684HCl\u6d88\u9664\u53cd\u5e94\u548c1-\u82ef\u57fa\u70ef\u4e19\u57fa\u6c2f\u7684\u91cd\u6392\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6700\u8fd1\u8fd9\u79cd\u63d0\u9ad8\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u6216\u6539\u53d8\u53cd\u5e94\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u7535\u573a\u6548\u5e94\u624d\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u662f\u6c14\u76f8\u4e2dCH<sub>4<\/sub>\u548cH<sub>2<\/sub>\u7684\u6d3b\u5316\uff0c[TaO<sub>2<\/sub>]<sup>+<\/sup>\u7535\u8377\u590d\u5408\u7269\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u56fej\u6240\u793a<sup>[15]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/7.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-28924 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/7.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"855\" height=\"439\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/7.png 1048w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/7-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/7-768x394.png 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/7-680x349.png 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 855px) 100vw, 855px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">\u56fej. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<em> Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.<\/em>, 57, 14635<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u5316\u5b66\uff0c\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e2d\u6027\u7269\u8d28\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u53cc\u81ea\u7531\u57fa,\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5f00\u53d1pH\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66,\u7535\u573a\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5f3a\u8def\u6613\u65af\u9178\u50ac\u5316\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u52a0\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u89e3\u91ca\u79bb\u5b50\u6db2\u4f53\u7684\u5728\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<sup>[16-21]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle\">\n<li>Sch\u00e4fer,, H. Oxidative addition of the azide ion to olefins. A simple route to diamines.<em>\u00a0Angew. Chem. Int. Ed<\/em>. 9, 158\u2013159 (1970).<\/li>\n<li>Fu, N., Sauer, G., Saha, A., Loo, A. &amp; Lin, S. Metal-catalyzed electrochemical diazidation of alkenes. <em>Science<\/em> 357, 575\u2013579 (2017).<\/li>\n<li>Wiebe, A., Schollmeyer, D., Dyballa, K. M., Franke, R. &amp; Waldvogel, S. R. Selective synthesis of partially protected nonsymmetric biphenols by reagent- and metal-free anodic cross-coupling reaction. <em>\u00a0Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.<\/em> 55, 11801\u201311805 (2016).<\/li>\n<li>Schulz, L. et al. Reagent- and metal-free anodic C\u2013C cross-coupling of aniline derivatives.<em>\u00a0Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.<\/em> 56, 4877\u20134881 (2017).<\/li>\n<li>K\u00e4rk\u00e4s, M. D. Electrochemical strategies for C\u2013H functionalization and C\u2013N bond formation. <em>Chem<\/em>.\u00a0<em>Soc. Rev.<\/em> 47, 5786\u20135865 (2018).<\/li>\n<li>Hayashi, R., Shimizu, A. Yoshida, J.-i. The Stabilized Cation Pool Method: Metal- and Oxidant-Free Benzylic C\u2013H\/Aromatic C\u2013H Cross-Coupling. <em>J. Am. Chem. Soc<\/em>. 138, 8400\u20138403 (2016).<\/li>\n<li>Hayashi, R. et al. Metal-free benzylic C-H amination via electrochemically generated benzylaminosulfonium ions.<em> Chem<\/em>.\u00a0<em>Eur. J.<\/em> 23, 61\u201364 (2017).<\/li>\n<li>Aragon\u00e8s, A. C. et al. Electrostatic catalysis of a Diels\u2013Alder reaction. <em>Nature<\/em> 531, 88\u201391 (2016).<\/li>\n<li>Zhang, L. et al. Electrochemical and electrostatic cleavage of alkoxyamines.<em>\u00a0J. Am. Chem. Soc<\/em>. 140, 766\u2013774 (2018).<\/li>\n<li>Zhang, L. et al. Electrochemical and electrostatic cleavage of alkoxyamines. J.\u00a0<em>Am. Chem. Soc<\/em>. 140, 766\u2013774 (2018).<\/li>\n<li>Akamatsu, M., Sakai, N. &amp; Matile, S. Electric-field-assisted anion-\u03c0 catalysis. J.\u00a0<em>Am. Chem. Soc<\/em>. 139, 6558\u20136561 (2017).<\/li>\n<li>Gorin, C. F., Beh, E. S. &amp; Kanan, M. W. An electric field-induced change in the selectivity of a metal oxide?catalyzed epoxide rearrangement. <em>J<\/em>.\u00a0<em>Am. Chem. Soc. <\/em>134, 186\u2013189 (2012).<\/li>\n<li>Gorin, C. F., Beh, E. S., Bui, Q. M., Dick, G. R., Kanan, M. W. Interfacial electric field effects on a carbene reaction catalyzed by Rh porphyrins.<em> J. Am. Chem. Soc.<\/em> 135, 11257\u201311265 (2013).<\/li>\n<li>Aitken, H. M., Coote, M. L. Can electrostatic catalysis of Diels\u2013Alder reactions be harnessed with pH-switchable charged functional groups?<em>Phys.<\/em>\u00a0<em>Chem. Chem. Phys. <\/em>20, 10671\u201310676 (2018).<\/li>\n<li>Yue, L. et al. The electric field as a \u201csmart\u201d ligand in controlling the thermal activation of methane and molecular hydrogen. <em>Angew<\/em>.<em>Chem. Int. Ed<\/em>. 57, 14635\u201314639 (2018).<\/li>\n<li>Gryn\u2019ova, G., Coote, M. L. Origin and scope of long-range stabilizing interactions and associated SOMO\u2013HOMO conversion in distonic radical anions. <em>J.\u00a0Am. Chem. Soc.<\/em> 135, 15392\u201315403 (2013).<\/li>\n<li>Gryn\u2019ova, G., Marshall, D. L., Blanksby, S. J. &amp; Coote, M. L. Switching radical stability by pH-induced orbital conversion. <em>Nat<\/em>.\u00a0<em>Chem.<\/em> 5, 474\u2013481 (2013).<\/li>\n<li>Gryn\u2019ova, G., Smith, L. M., Coote, M. L. Computational design of pH-switchable control agents for nitroxide mediated polymerization. <em>Phys<\/em>.\u00a0<em>Chem. Chem. Phys. <\/em>19, 22678\u201322683 (2017).<\/li>\n<li>Jiang, J. Y., Smith, L. M., Tyrell, J. H., Coote, M. L. Pulsed laser polymerisation studies of methyl methacrylate in the presence of AlCl<sub>3<\/sub> and ZnCl<sub>2<\/sub> \u2014 evidence of propagation catalysis. <em>Polym<\/em>.\u00a0<em>Chem<\/em>. 8, 5948\u20135953 (2017).<\/li>\n<li>Clark, T. Lithium cation as radical-polymerization catalyst. <em>J.<\/em>\u00a0<em>Am. Chem. Soc. <\/em>128, 11278\u201311285 (2006).<\/li>\n<li>Vyakaranam, K., Barbour, J. B. &amp; Michl, J. Li<sup>+<\/sup>-catalyzed radical polymerization of simple terminal alkenes. <em>J.<\/em>\u00a0<em>Am. Chem. Soc.<\/em> 128, 5610\u20135611 (2006).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u7248\u6743\u5c5e\u4e8e<strong>\u00a0<a href=\"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/\">Chem-Station\u5316\u5b66\u7a7a\u95f4<\/a>\uff0c<\/strong>\u00a0\u6b22\u8fce\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u672a\u7ecf\u8bb8\u53ef\uff0c\u8c22\u7edd\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u8283\u6d0b\u96ea \u6709\u673a\u7535\u5408\u6210 \u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e\u5316\u5b66\u8bd5\u5242\uff0c\u7535\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5316\u5b66\u7535\u4f4d\u3002\u975e\u5747\u76f8\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u56fa\u76f8\u7684\u7535\u6781\u548c\u6eb6\u6db2\u7684\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u6eb6\u6db2\u5206\u5b50\u672c\u8eab\u6216\u8005\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4e0e\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u5e95\u7269\u4e00\u8d77\u53c2\u4e0e\u5230\u7535\u5b50\u8f6c\u79fb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002 \u7535\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u5176\u5b9e\u5386\u53f2\u60a0\u4e45\uff0c\u65e9\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u5c31\u7528\u7535\u89e3\u5236\u5907\u5927\u5b97\u5316\u5b66\u54c1\uff0c\u4f46\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8981\u8fdc\u8fdc\u843d\u4e0b\u4e86\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6700\u8fd1\u6709\u673a\u7535\u5408\u6210\u624d\u9010\u6e10\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u5176\u590d\u5174\u5f52\u529f\u4e8e\u5728\u5236\u5907\u590d\u6742\u4ea7\u7269\u65f6\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3001\u9ad8\u9009\u62e9\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u9ad8\u539f\u5b50\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6027\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u968f\u7740\u6280\u672f\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u52a0\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u4e2a\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f53\u4f1a\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u9b45\u529b\u3002 \u91d1\u5c5e\u50ac\u5316\u7535\u5408\u6210\u90bb\u4e8c\u80fa \u76f8\u6bd4\u4e0e\u70ef\u70c3\u7684\u4e8c\u9187\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u70ef\u70c3\u7684\u4e8c\u80fa\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u8fd8\u9700\u5b8c\u5584\u3002\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u70ef\u70c322\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a1,2-\u4e8c\u53e0\u6c2e\u726923\uff0c\u518d\u8fd8\u539f\u4e3a1,2-\u4e8c\u80fa24\u3002\u5c06\u8fc7\u6e21\u6001\u91d1\u5c5e\u50ac\u5316\u548c\u7535\u5408\u6210\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u6e29\u548c\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u5e7f\uff0c\u5e95\u7269\u5305\u62ec\u5927\u4f4d\u963b\u548c\u591a\u53d6\u4ee3\u7684\u70ef\u70c3\uff0c\u59821,1-\u4e8c\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c1,2-\u4e8c\u53d6\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e09\u53d6\u4ee3\u548c\u56db\u53d6\u4ee3\u7684\u5e95\u7269\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b66\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u548c\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u56fea\u6240\u793a\u3002\u5176\u53cd\u5e94\u673a\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u9633\u6781\u6c27\u5316\u53e0\u6c2e\u4e3a\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u52a0\u6210\u5230\u53cc\u952e\u4e0a\uff0c\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u6d3b\u6027\u7684Mn\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u4ecb\u5bfc\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u4fdd\u8bc1\u81ea\u7531\u57fa25\u751f\u6210\u90bb\u4e8c\u53e0\u6c2e\u5316\u726923\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7cbe\u51c6\u63a7\u5236\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u9633\u6781\u7535\u4f4d\u6b63\u597d\u6ee1\u8db3\u6c27\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u7535\u4f4d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53cd\u5e94\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u9009\u62e9\u6027\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5f15\u8d77\u5176\u4ed6\u526f\u53cd\u5e94[1,2]\u3002 \u56fea. Mn\u7535\u6781\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u70ef\u70c3\u4e8c\u53e0\u6c2e\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u548c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8303\u56f4. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aNature Reviews Chemistry \u9633\u6781\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u82b3\u57fa\u5076\u8054\u53cd\u5e94 C-H\u952e\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u5316\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u6709\u673a\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u9886\u57df\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u4f17\u591a\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u4e5f\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u82ef\u915a26\u548c\u7845\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u82ef\u915a\u884d\u751f\u726927\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b65\u53cd\u5e94\u5b8c\u6210\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684C-C\u5076\u8054\uff0c\u56feb\u6240\u793a[3]\u3002\u787c\u63ba\u6742\u91d1\u521a\u77f3boron-doped diamond\uff08BDD\uff09\u9633\u6781\u548c1,1,1,3,3,3-\u516d\u6c1f\u4e19\u9187\uff08HFIP\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3aH-\u952e\u53d7\u4f53\u6eb6\u5242\u662f\u5408\u6210\u90bb\u4f4d\u5076\u8054\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u7845SiiPr3\u4fdd\u62a4\u57fa\u56e2\u5bf927\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u6548\u5e94\u6709\u5fae\u5f31\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u9632\u6b62\u4ea7\u726928\u7ee7\u7eed\u6c27\u5316\u3002\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u4f18\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u4f73\u53cd\u5e94\u4e3a50 oC\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u867d\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u82b3\u57fa\u5076\u8054\u53cd\u5e94\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u4f46\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5f88\u5dee\uff0c\u5e38\u751f\u6210\u672a\u4fdd\u62a4\u82ef\u915a\u4f4e\u805a\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4e0e\u4f9d\u9760\u5316\u5b66\u8bd5\u5242\uff0c\u5982\u5316\u5b66\u8ba1\u91cf\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u5242\u7b49\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u82b3\u57fa\u5076\u8054\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7535\u5408\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u80dc\u4e00\u7b79\u3002 \u56feb. \u65e0\u91d1\u5c5e\u548c\u914d\u4f53\u8bd5\u5242\u7684C-C\u5076\u8054\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5236\u5907\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f02,2&#8242;-\u8054\u82ef\u4e8c\u915a\u548c2,2&#8242;-\u8054\u82ef\u4e8c\u80fa\uff0cHFIP\u662f\u5f3aH-\u952e\u53d7\u4f53\uff0c\u8d77\u5230\u7a33\u5b9a\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aNature Reviews Chemistry \u4e0eH2O\u6216\u7532\u9187\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6eb6\u5242HFIP\u66f4\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u5c06\u4eb2\u6838\u6027\u548c\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u7535\u4f4d\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f5c\u7528\u8fd8\u672a\u77e5\uff0c\u4f46\u548c\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3001H-\u952e\u4f5c\u7528\u3001\u589e\u5f3a\u9178\u6027\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u4eb2\u6838\u6027\u7b49\u6027\u8d28\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e86\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u9170\u80fa\u6216\u6c28\u57fa\u7532\u9178\u916f\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u80fa29\u548c30\u53cd\u5e94\u751f\u62102,2-\u4e8c\u6c28\u57fa\u8054\u82ef\u4ea7\u726931\uff0c\u6536\u7387\u4e3a\u4e2d\u7b49\u81f3\u4f18\u79c0[4]\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5177\u6709\u666e\u9002\u6027\uff0c\u82ef\u915a\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u82b3\u9999\u6742\u73af\uff0c\u5982\u567b\u5429\u3001\u544b\u5583\u548c\u82ef\u5e76\u544b\u5583\u5076\u8054[5]\u3002 \u6709\u673a\u7535\u5408\u6210\u4e2d\u7a33\u5b9a\u201c\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u6c60\u201d \u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6c27\u5316\u5e38\u5e38\u4ea7\u751f\u78b3\u6b63\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5b83\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u4eb2\u6838\u8bd5\u5242\u6355\u83b7\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u672a\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u6c60\u4e2d\uff0c\u78b3\u6b63\u79bb\u5b50\u4f1a\u88ab\u9634\u6781\u8fd8\u539f\uff0c\u800c\u4eb2\u6838\u8bd5\u5242\u5728\u9633\u6781\u6c27\u5316\uff0c\u4f7f\u53cd\u5e94\u66f4\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u5176\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u6c60\u7b56\u7565\u968f\u4e4b\u8bde\u751f\uff0c\u7528\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6c60\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0a\u5206\u5f00\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u4eb2\u6838\u8bd5\u5242\u6355\u83b7\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u6b65\u53cd\u5e94\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u5178\u578b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u9633\u6781\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u78b3\u6b63\u79bb\u5b50\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u5bcc\u96c6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5411\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7269\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u4eb2\u6838\u8bd5\u5242\uff0c\u5728\u975e\u6c27\u5316\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u6355\u83b7\u6d3b\u6cfc\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u6355\u83b7\u5242\u786b\u4e9a\u80fa33\u548c\u9633\u6781\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u78b3\u6b63\u79bb\u5b5040\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u4e9a\u7a33\u7684\u82c4\u57fa\u6c28\u57fa\u950d\u76d0\u884d\u751f\u726934[6]\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u751f\u6210\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e86\u6d3b\u6cfc\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f53\uff0c34\u53ef\u4ee5\u548c\u78b3\u4eb2\u6838\u8bd5\u5242\u5982\u82ef\u884d\u751f\u7269\u3001\u82b3\u9999\u6742\u73af\u3001\u70ef\u9187\u919a\u7c7b\u3001\u70f7\u57fa\u4e09\u7532\u57fa\u7845\u70f7\u3001NBu4I\u7b49\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u4ea7\u726935-39[7]\u3002 \u56fec. \u7535\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u201c\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u6c60\u201d\uff0c\u9633\u79bb\u5b50\u5bff\u547d\u591f\u957f\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0b\u9636\u6bb5\u548c\u4eb2\u6838\u8bd5\u5242\u53cd\u5e94. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aNature Reviews Chemistry \u7535\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u5668\u7684\u53d1\u5c55 \u8fc7\u53bb\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5c0f\u4f17\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6807\u51c6\u8bbe\u5907\u548c\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b80\u4fbf\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u6709\u673a\u7535\u5408\u6210\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u81ea\u5236\u88c5\u5907\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u7b80\u5355\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6253\u7834\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u969c\u788d\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u548c\u5236\u9020\u5546\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u63a8\u51fa\u9002\u5408\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u914d\u5957\u7684\u7535\u6781\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u6c60\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u4ef6\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u53d1\u5c55\u3002 \u9759\u7535\u573a\u5316\u5b66 \u9759\u7535\u573a\u5316\u5b66\u5bb9\u6613\u548c\u7535\u5408\u6210\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u9759\u7535\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u3002\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5206\u5b50\u4ee5\u53ca\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u6e21\u6001\u90fd\u6709\u6781\u6027\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u901a\u8fc7\u52a0\u5165\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7535\u573a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a33\u5b9a\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4e5f\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u60f3\u3002 \u5355\u7535\u5b50\u5b9e\u9a8c \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u52a0\u7535\u573a\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u662f\u672c\u7efc\u8ff0\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\u5f00\u53d1\u7684Diles-Alder\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u626b\u63cf\u96a7\u9053\u663e\u5fae\u955cSTM\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5def\u57fa\u5c06\u964d\u51b0\u7247\u70ef\u884d\u751f\u7269\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728STM\u7684\u91d1\u7247\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u544b\u5583\u884d\u751f\u7269\u56fa\u5b9a\u5728\u63a2\u9488\u4e0a\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u671d\u5411\u5df2\u77e5\u5e76\u4e14\u88ab\u63a7\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8ddd\u79bb\u56fa\u5b9a\uff0c\u5982\u7535\u538b\u6052\u5b9a\u5219\u8bd5\u5242\u6240\u5728\u7684\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\u56fa\u5b9a\u3002\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u5f00\u542f\u5728blinking\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6052\u5b9a\u7684\u7535\u538b\u53d8\u5316\u901f\u7387\u626b\u63cf\u3002\u4e8c\u70ef\u548c\u4eb2\u4e8c\u70ef\u4f53\u53cd\u5e94\u65f6\uff0c\u65b0\u751f\u7684\u5171\u4ef7\u952e\u5f62\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u63a2\u9488\u548c\u91d1\u7247\u4e4b\u95f4\uff0c\u5e76\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u6b21\u7535\u6d41\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba1\u6570\u6bcf\u5355\u5143\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u7535\u6d41&#8221;blinks\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u91cf\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u3002\u5f53\u662f\u7535\u573a\u662f\u8d1f\u65f6\uff0cD-A\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u901f\u7387\u968f\u7535\u573a\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7535\u573a\u4e3a0\u65f6\u901f\u7387\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e865\u500d\u3002\u5f53\u7535\u573a\u4e3a\u8d1f\u65f6\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u4fdd\u6301\u5728\u6700\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u5373\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u7535\u573a\u7684\u6781\u6027\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7535\u5b50\u4ece\u4eb2\u4e8c\u70ef\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u6d41\u5411\u4e8c\u70ef\u5206\u5b50\u65f6\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u63d0\u9ad8, \u53cd\u5e94\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u56fed\u6240\u793a[8]\u3002 \u56fed. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aNature 2016, 531, 88-91. \u9759\u7535\u573a\u5316\u5b66\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6273\u52a8\u5316\u5b66\u952e\u7684\u65ad\u88c2\uff0c\u5982\u70f7\u6c27\u57fa\u80fa\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u548c\u78b3\u81ea\u7531\u57fa[9]\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5355\u5206\u5b50\u53cd\u5e94\u4e3a\u7814\u7a76\u9759\u7535\u573a\u5bf9\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u4e5f\u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u7eb3\u7c73\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528\u5982\u663e\u5fae\u6210\u56fe\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5408\u6210\u3002 \u754c\u9762\u5b9e\u9a8c \u5728\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u6c60\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u5f62\u6210\u7535\u5b50\u53cc\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7535\u6781\u8868\u9762\u7684\u7535\u573a\u4e3a\uff08\uff5e0.5Vnm-1\uff09,\u8fd9\u4e2a\u573a\u5f3a\u548cSTM\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5\u8f83\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u50ac\u5316\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u6982\u5ff5\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6c27\u5316\u70f7\u6c27\u57fa\u80fa\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u53ef\u9006\u65ad\u88c2\u4e3a\u6c27\u5316\u6c2e\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u548c\u78b3\u6b63\u79bb\u5b50\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fee\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u5f88\u50cf\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u53cd\u5e94\u53ea\u6709\u7535\u5b50\u53cc\u5c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230[10]\u3002 \u56fee. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90 J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2018, 140, 2, 766-774. \u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u662f\u9634\u79bb\u5b50-\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u5728\u6c27\u5316\u94df\u9521\u7535\u6781\u7684\u7535\u573a\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c\u70ef\u9187\u52a0\u6210\u5230\u4e19\u4e8c\u9178\u534a\u786b\u916f\u4e0a\uff0c\u6d3b\u6027\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86100\u591a\u500d\uff0c\u5982\u56fef\u6240\u793a[11]\u3002 \u56fef. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90 J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2017, 139, 6558-6561. \u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5e73\u884c\u677f\u7535\u6c60\uff0c\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u7535\u6781\u4e0a\u9762\u9694\u79bb\u51fa\u4e00\u5c42\u819c\u3002\u65bd\u52a0\u7535\u538b\u540e\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u5e26\u6709\u7535\u8377\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u50ac\u5316\u6216\u63d0\u9ad8\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u3002\u5982\u987a\u5f0f\u4e8c\u82ef\u4e59\u70ef\u6c27\u5316\u7269\u7684\u91cd\u6392\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5728\u7535\u573a\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c\u919b:\u916e\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u63d0\u9ad8\u81f363\uff0c\u5982\u56feg\u6240\u793a[12]\u3002 \u56feg. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aJ. Am. Chem. Soc., 2012, 134, 186-189. Rh\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u50ac\u53161-diazo-3,3-dimethyl-5-phenylhex-5-en-2one\u00a0\u00a0 1-Diazo-3,3-dimethyl-5-phenylhex-5-en-2-one\u7684\u5206\u5b50\u5185\u91cd\u6392\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u65e0\u7535\u573a\u4e0b\uff0c\u73af\u4e19\u70f7\u4ea7\u7269\u548c\u73af\u5df1\u916e\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7ea6\u4e3a10:1\uff0c\u6709\u7535\u573a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u3001\u4ea7\u7269\u6bd4\u4f8b\u53ef\u8fbe\u5230\u4e3a100:1\u548c1:2\uff0c\u5982\u56feh\u6240\u793a[13]\u3002 \u56feh. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aJ. Am. Chem. Soc.2013, 135, 11257-11265. \u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u7684\u7535\u8377\u5316 \u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u79cd\u771f\u6b63\u89c4\u6a21\u5316\u5316\u5b66\u5408\u6210\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u5c06\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\u7535\u8377\u5316\u540e\u7684\u7535\u573a\u5982Br\u00f8nsted\u9178\u6216\u78b1\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\uff08\u7c07\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528Bronsted\u9178\u6216\u78b1\u65f6\uff0c\u9759\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u88ab\u7b80\u5355\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u6539\u53d8pH\u3002\u7535\u8377\u57fa\u56e2\u7684\u9759\u7535\u573a\u4f5c\u7528\u8ddd\u79bb\u5f88\u77ed\uff08\u221d1\/r2,\u7535\u8377-\u5076\u6781\u4f5c\u7528\u53cd\u6bd4\u4e8e\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\uff09\uff0c\u4f9d\u9760\u7535\u8377\u57fa\u56e2\u4ec5\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u5206\u5b50\u6216\u8d85\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u81ea\u7ec4\u88c5\u3002\u4f46\u5c06\u7535\u8377\u57fa\u56e2\u7cbe\u51c6\u6446\u653e\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u671d\u5411\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8868\u9762\u5316\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u3002\u5728\u5f3a\u7535\u4ecb\u8d28\u4e2d\uff0c\u9759\u7535\u573a\u6548\u5e94\u88ab\u524a\u5f31\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53cd\u5e94\u6761\u4ef6\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u6c14\u76f8\u6216\u975e\u6781\u6027\u6eb6\u5242\u4e2d\uff0c\u6325\u53d1\u6027\u548c\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u9759\u7535\u6548\u5e94\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5e95\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u6781\u6027\u7535\u8377\u57fa\u56e2\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u4e86\u5b83\u7684D-A\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u7acb\u4f53\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u548c\u975e\u5bf9\u6620\u9009\u62e9\u6027\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u6848\u4f8b\u56fei\u30022-\u5421\u5583\u916e2-pyrone\u548c\u73af\u620a\u70efcyclopentene\u884d\u751f\u7269\u7684D-A\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\u6709\u80fa\u6216\u7fa7\u57fa. \u5982\u679c\u73af\u620a\u70ef\u4e3a\u4e2d\u6027\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6ca1\u6709\u4f4d\u963b\u7684exo\u8fc7\u6e21\u6001\uff08C\uff09,\u5982\u4e3a\u80fa\u57fa\u88ab\u8d28\u5b50\u5316\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6709\u4f4d\u963b\u7684exo\u8fc7\u6e21\u6001\uff08D\uff09.\u5f53\u7fa7\u9178\u53bb\u8d28\u5b50\u540e\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6709\u4f4d\u963b\u7684endo\u8fc7\u6e21\u6001\uff08B\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u8bba\u54ea\u79cd\u53d6\u4ee3\u57fa\uff0c\u53cd\u5e94\u80fd\u969c\u90fd\u4f4e\u4e8e\u4e2d\u6027\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u7535\u5b50\u4e91\u5bc6\u5ea6\u56fe\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u53d8\u5316\u539f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7535\u8377\u57fa\u56e2\u7a33\u5b9a\u4e86\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u5076\u6781\u8fc7\u6e21\u6001[14]\u3002 \u56fei. \u9759\u7535\u4f5c\u7528\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u673a\u5408\u6210. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aNature Reviews Chemistry \u6781\u6027\u548c\u6eb6\u89e3\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u5747\u76f8\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u8c03\u548c\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4f8b\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u9759\u7535\u573a\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u65e9\u57281970\u5e74\uff0c\u5c31\u6709LiClO4\u50ac\u5316\u50ac\u5316tBuCl\u7684HCl\u6d88\u9664\u53cd\u5e94\u548c1-\u82ef\u57fa\u70ef\u4e19\u57fa\u6c2f\u7684\u91cd\u6392\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u6700\u8fd1\u8fd9\u79cd\u63d0\u9ad8\u53cd\u5e94\u901f\u7387\u6216\u6539\u53d8\u53cd\u5e94\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u7535\u573a\u6548\u5e94\u624d\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u662f\u6c14\u76f8\u4e2dCH4\u548cH2\u7684\u6d3b\u5316\uff0c[TaO2]+\u7535\u8377\u590d\u5408\u7269\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u56fej\u6240\u793a[15]\u3002 \u56fej. \u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 57, 14635 \u8fd8\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u5316\u5b66\uff0c\u8d1f\u7535\u8377\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e2d\u6027\u7269\u8d28\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u53cc\u81ea\u7531\u57fa,\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5f00\u53d1pH\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u805a\u5408\u53cd\u5e94\u548c\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u751f\u7269\u5316\u5b66,\u7535\u573a\u4f5c\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5f3a\u8def\u6613\u65af\u9178\u50ac\u5316\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u52a0\u6210\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u89e3\u91ca\u79bb\u5b50\u6db2\u4f53\u7684\u5728\u5316\u5b66\u53cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528[16-21]\u3002 \u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e Sch\u00e4fer,, H. Oxidative addition of the azide ion to olefins. [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":28881,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[414],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/d22ca7939ab22e9b45b85772cd3a1cdf.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p96op1-7wg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28908"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28908"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28908\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28927,"href":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28908\/revisions\/28927"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28881"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28908"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28908"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28908"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}