{"id":29254,"date":"2019-11-08T11:54:26","date_gmt":"2019-11-08T03:54:26","guid":{"rendered":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/?p=29254"},"modified":"2019-11-11T10:16:37","modified_gmt":"2019-11-11T02:16:37","slug":"skattebol-rearrangement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/reactions\/2019\/11\/skattebol-rearrangement.html","title":{"rendered":"Skatteb\u00f8l rearrangement"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>\u6982\u8981<\/h4>\n<p>1961\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u632a\u5a01Oslo\u5927\u5b66(\u00a0University of Oslo)\u7684Skatteb\u00f8l\u7814\u7a76\u7ec4\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u5055\u4e8c\u6eb4\u4ee3\u73af\u4e19\u70f7\u5728\u6709\u673a\u9502\u8bd5\u5242\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u8054\u70ef\u7684\u53cd\u5e94<sup>[1]-[4]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-10.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29255 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"560\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-10.jpg 712w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-10-300x106.jpg 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/1-10-680x241.jpg 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e59\u70ef\u57fa\u5055\u4e8c\u6eb4\u4ee3\u73af\u4e19\u70f7\u5728\u8be5\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5e76\u975e\u8054\u70ef\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f62\u6210\u73af\u620a\u4e8c\u70ef\u7c7b\u5316\u5408\u7269<sup>[4]-[6]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-7.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29256 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"223\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-7.jpg 785w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-7-300x107.jpg 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-7-768x275.jpg 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/2-7-680x243.jpg 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u53cd\u5e94\u79f0\u4e3aSkatteb\u00f8l\u91cd\u6392(Skatteb\u00f8l rearrangement)\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u7c7b\u8054\u70ef\u4e0e\u73af\u620a\u4e8c\u70ef\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5408\u6210\u53ca\u5404\u7c7b\u7279\u6b8a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6709\u673a\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6784\u5efa<sup>[7]-[10]<\/sup>\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u57fa\u672c\u6587\u732e<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li>[1] L. Skatteb\u00f8l, <em>Tetrahedron Lett.<\/em> <strong>1961<\/strong>, 167. doi:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0040-4039(01)84059-4\">10.1016\/S0040-4039(01)84059-4<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>[2] L. Skatteb\u00f8l, <em>Acta. Chem. Scand<\/em>. <strong>1963<\/strong>, <em>17<\/em>, 1683. doi: <a href=\"http:\/\/actachemscand.org\/pdf\/acta_vol_17_p1683-1693.pdf\">10.3891\/acta.chem.scand.17-1683.<\/a><\/li>\n<li>[3] L. Skatteb\u00f8l. <em>J. Org. Chem.<\/em>\u00a0<strong>1966<\/strong>,\u00a0<em>31<\/em>, 2789. doi:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1021%2Fjo01347a014\">10.1021\/jo01347a014<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>[4] L. Skatteb\u00f8l, <em>Tetrahedron<\/em> <strong>1967<\/strong>, <em>23<\/em>, 1107. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0040-4020(67)85060-9\">10.1016\/0040-4020(67)85060-9<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>[5] K. H. Holm, L. Skatteb\u00f8l, <em>J. Am. Chem. Soc.<\/em> <strong>1977<\/strong>, <em>99<\/em>, 5480. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/ja00458a042\">10.1021\/ja00458a042. <\/a><\/li>\n<li>[6] K. H. Holm, L. Skatteb\u00f8l, <em>Tetrahedron Lett.<\/em> <strong>1977<\/strong>, 2347. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0040-4039(01)83760-6\">10.1016\/S0040-4039(01)83760-6<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>[7] S. C. Sutton, M. H. Nantz, S. R. Parkin, <em>Organometallics<\/em> <strong>1993<\/strong>, <em>12<\/em>, 2248. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/om00030a040\">10.1021\/om00030a040. <\/a><\/li>\n<li>[8] L. K. Sydnes, <em>Chem. Rev.<\/em> <strong>2003<\/strong>, <em>103<\/em>, 1133. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/cr0100087\">10.1021\/cr0100087<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>[9] L. A. Paquette, K. E. Green, R. Gleiter, W. Schafer, J. C.\u00a0Gallucci, <em>J. Am. Chem. Soc.<\/em>\u00a0<strong>1984<\/strong>,\u00a0<em>106<\/em>, 8232. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ja00338a037\">10.1021\/ja00338a037<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>[10] P. Charumilind, L. A.\u00a0Paquette, <em>J. Am. Chem. Soc<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>1984<\/strong>,\u00a0<em>106<\/em>, 8225. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ja00338a036\">10.1021\/ja00338a036<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u53cd\u5e94\u673a\u7406<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-6.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29257 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"890\" height=\"304\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-6.jpg 1742w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-6-300x102.jpg 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-6-768x262.jpg 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/3-6-680x232.jpg 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 890px) 100vw, 890px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li>[1] W. R. Moore, H. R. Ward, \u00a0<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/J._Org._Chem.\">J. Org. Chem.<\/a><\/em>\u00a0<strong>1962<\/strong>, <em>27<\/em>, 4179. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Digital_object_identifier\">doi<\/a>: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021%2Fjo01059a013\">10.1021\/jo01059a013<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>[2] U. H. Brinker, J. Ritzer, <em>J. Am. Chem. Soc.<\/em> <strong>1981<\/strong>, <em>103<\/em>, 2116. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/ja00398a052\">10.1021\/ja00398a052. <\/a><\/li>\n<li>[3] A. Azizoglu, M. Balci, J.-L. Mieusset, H. U. Brinker, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/J._Org._Chem.\">J. Org. Chem.<\/a><\/em>\u00a0<strong>2008<\/strong>, <em>73<\/em>, 8182. <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Digital_object_identifier\">doi<\/a>: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jo8011144\">10.1021\/jo8011144<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>[4] L. A. Paquette, R. Taylor, <em>J. Am. Chem. Soc.<\/em> <strong>1977<\/strong>, <em>99<\/em>, 5708. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ja00459a031\">10.1021\/ja00459a031<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u53cd\u5e94\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<p>\u73af\u620a\u4e8c\u70ef\u7c7b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5408\u6210[1]-[3]\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/4-6.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29258 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/4-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"855\" height=\"134\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/4-6.jpg 1437w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/4-6-300x47.jpg 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/4-6-768x120.jpg 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/4-6-680x106.jpg 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 855px) 100vw, 855px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>ansa-\u4e8c\u8302\u949b\u7684\u5408\u6210[4]\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-5.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29259 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"863\" height=\"118\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-5.jpg 1520w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-5-300x41.jpg 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-5-768x105.jpg 768w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/5-5-680x93.jpg 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 863px) 100vw, 863px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u8054\u70ef\u7c7b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5408\u6210[5]\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/6-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29260 \" src=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/6-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"604\" height=\"196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/6-2.jpg 715w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/6-2-300x97.jpg 300w, https:\/\/assets.www.gsbet888.com\/uploads\/2019\/10\/6-2-680x221.jpg 680w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 604px) 100vw, 604px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u8054\u70ef\u5408\u6210<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5c061,1-\u4e8c\u6eb4\u73af\u4e19\u70f7 (1 eq.)\u7528\u65e0\u6c34\u4e59\u919a\u8fdb\u884c\u7a00\u91ca(\u7ef4\u6301\u5e95\u7269\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e3a4 M)\u540e\uff0c\u7f6e\u4e8e\u5e72\u51b0\/\u4e19\u916e\u6d74\u4e2d\u51b7\u5374\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u6e29\u5ea6\u5728-30\u5230-40<sup>o<\/sup>C\u3002\u5c06\u7532\u57fa\u9502\u7684\u4e59\u919a\u6eb6\u6db2 (1.5 M, 4eq.)\u6ef4\u52a0\u5230\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5747\u76f8\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u6405\u62cc30min\u3002\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u53cd\u5e94\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u7ee7\u7eed\u6405\u62cc30min\u540e\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u6dec\u706d\u3002\u6dec\u706d\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5206\u51fa\u4e59\u919a\u76f8\uff0c\u6c34\u76f8\u7ee7\u7eed\u91c7\u7528\u5c11\u91cf\u4e59\u919a\u8fdb\u884c\u8403\u53d6\u3002\u5408\u5e76\u6709\u673a\u76f8\uff0c\u7528\u6c34\u6d17\u6da4\u81f3\u4e2d\u6027\u540e\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u65e0\u6c34\u786b\u9178\u94a0\u8fdb\u884c\u5e72\u71e5\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u91c7\u7528Dixon\u73af\u586b\u6599\u67f1 (Dixon ring-packed column)\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u998f\u83b7\u5f97\u76f8\u5e94\u8054\u70ef\u4ea7\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u73af\u620a\u4e8c\u70ef\u7c7b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5408\u6210<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5411\u706b\u7130\u5e72\u71e5\u7684\u5706\u5e95\u70e7\u74f6\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u5055\u4e8c\u6eb4\u73af\u4e19\u70f7 (1 eq.)\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u52a0\u5165\u65e0\u6c34\u4e59\u919a\u8fdb\u884c\u7a00\u91ca (\u7ef4\u6301\u5e95\u7269\u6d53\u5ea6\u4e3a4 M)\u3002\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6eb6\u6db2\u7f6e\u4e8e\u51b0\u6c34\u6d74\u4e2d\u6405\u62cc\u51b7\u5374\u3002\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u7532\u57fa\u9502\u7684\u4e59\u919a\u6eb6\u6db2 (1.5 M, 4eq.)\u6ef4\u52a0\u5230\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5747\u76f8\u6df7\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\uff0c\u79fb\u9664\u51b0\u6c34\u6d74\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u6405\u62cc\u76f4\u81f3\u53cd\u5e94\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u53cd\u5e94\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u51b0\u6c34\u8fdb\u884c\u6dec\u706d\u3002\u6dec\u706d\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u5206\u51fa\u4e59\u919a\u76f8\uff0c\u6c34\u76f8\u7ee7\u7eed\u91c7\u7528\u5c11\u91cf\u4e59\u919a\u8fdb\u884c\u8403\u53d6\u3002\u5c06\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u6709\u673a\u76f8\u7528\u6c34\u6d17\u6da4\u81f3\u4e2d\u6027\u540e\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u65e0\u6c34\u786b\u9178\u94a0\u8fdb\u884c\u5e72\u71e5\uff0c\u51cf\u538b\u9664\u53bb\u6eb6\u5242\u3002\u5c06\u6b8b\u4f59\u7269\u52a0\u5165\u7b49\u4f53\u79ef\u6b63\u5df1\u70f7\u8fdb\u884c\u7a00\u91ca\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2d\u6027\u6c27\u5316\u94dd\u77ed\u67f1\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002\u5c0f\u5fc3\u9664\u53bb\u6eb6\u5242\u540e\uff0c\u572890\u00b0C\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u6b8b\u4f59\u7269\u8fdb\u884cKugelrohr\u84b8\u998f\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u76f8\u5e94\u73af\u620a\u4e8c\u70ef\u4ea7\u7269\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h4>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li>[1] L. A. Paquette, M. L. McLaughlin, <em>Org. Synth<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>1990<\/strong>,\u00a0<em>68<\/em>, 220. doi: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.orgsyn.org\/demo.aspx?prep=cv8p0223\">10.15227\/orgsyn.068.0220. <\/a><\/li>\n<li>[2] McLaughlin, M. L.; McKinney, J. A.; Paquette, L. A.\u00a0<em>Tetrahedron Lett<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>1986<\/strong>,\u00a0<em>27<\/em>, 5595. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0040-4039(00)85274-0\">10.1016\/S0040-4039(00)85274-0<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>[3] Paquette, L. A.; Gugelchuk, M.; McLaughlin, M. L.\u00a0<em>J. Org. Chem<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>1987<\/strong>,\u00a0<em>52<\/em>, 4732. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jo00230a015\">10.1021\/jo00230a015<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>[4] S. C. Sutton, M. H. Nantz, S. R. Parkin, <em>Organometallics<\/em> <strong>1993<\/strong>, <em>12<\/em>, 2248. doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/om00030a040\">10.1021\/om00030a040. <\/a><\/li>\n<li>[5] L. Skatteb\u00f8l. <em>J. Org. Chem<\/em>.\u00a0<strong>1966<\/strong>,\u00a0<em>31<\/em>, 2789. doi:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1021%2Fjo01347a014\">10.1021\/jo01347a014<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u7248\u6743\u5c5e\u4e8e<strong>\u00a0<a href=\"\/\/www.gsbet888.com\/\">Chem-Station\u5316\u5b66\u7a7a\u95f4<\/a>\uff0c<\/strong>\u00a0\u6b22\u8fce\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u672a\u7ecf\u8bb8\u53ef\uff0c\u8c22\u7edd\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff01<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u6982\u8981 1961\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u632a\u5a01Oslo\u5927\u5b66(\u00a0University of Oslo)\u7684Skatteb\u00f8l\u7814\u7a76\u7ec4\u62a5\u9053\u4e86\u5055\u4e8c\u6eb4\u4ee3\u73af\u4e19\u70f7\u5728\u6709\u673a\u9502\u8bd5\u5242\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u8054\u70ef\u7684\u53cd\u5e94[1]-[4]\u3002 \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e59\u70ef\u57fa\u5055\u4e8c\u6eb4\u4ee3\u73af\u4e19\u70f7\u5728\u8be5\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u5e76\u975e\u8054\u70ef\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f62\u6210\u73af\u620a\u4e8c\u70ef\u7c7b\u5316\u5408\u7269[4]-[6]\u3002 \u4e0a\u8ff0\u53cd\u5e94\u79f0\u4e3aSkatteb\u00f8l\u91cd\u6392(Skatteb\u00f8l rearrangement)\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u8be5\u53cd\u5e94\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u7c7b\u8054\u70ef\u4e0e\u73af\u620a\u4e8c\u70ef\u5316\u5408\u7269\u7684\u5408\u6210\u53ca\u5404\u7c7b\u7279\u6b8a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6709\u673a\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u6784\u5efa[7]-[10]\u3002 \u57fa\u672c\u6587\u732e [1] L. Skatteb\u00f8l, Tetrahedron Lett. 1961, 167. doi:\u00a010.1016\/S0040-4039(01)84059-4. [2] L. Skatteb\u00f8l, Acta. Chem. Scand. 1963, 17, 1683. doi: 10.3891\/acta.chem.scand.17-1683. [3] L. Skatteb\u00f8l. J. Org. Chem.\u00a01966,\u00a031, 2789. doi:\u00a010.1021\/jo01347a014. [4] L. Skatteb\u00f8l, Tetrahedron 1967, 23, 1107. doi: 10.1016\/0040-4020(67)85060-9. [5] K. H. Holm, L. Skatteb\u00f8l, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99, 5480. doi: 10.1021\/ja00458a042. [6] K. H. Holm, L. Skatteb\u00f8l, Tetrahedron Lett. 1977, 2347. doi: 10.1016\/S0040-4039(01)83760-6. [7] S. C. Sutton, M. H. Nantz, S. R. Parkin, Organometallics 1993, 12, 2248. doi: 10.1021\/om00030a040. [8] L. K. Sydnes, Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 1133. doi: 10.1021\/cr0100087. [9] L. A. Paquette, K. E. Green, R. Gleiter, W. Schafer, J. 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